Astrosat marks a major milestone in Indian space exploration as the nation’s first dedicated astronomy satellite. Launched on September 28, 2015, this pioneering mission is designed to study celestial sources across multiple wavelengths, including X-ray, optical, and ultraviolet (UV) spectra, all from a single satellite.
Mission Highlights
Astrosat Overview: Astrosat is equipped to cover a wide range of energy bands from 0.3 keV to 100 keV, offering detailed observations in Ultraviolet (both Near and Far), limited optical, and X-ray regimes. This multi-wavelength capability allows for a more comprehensive study of astronomical phenomena.
Key Features:
- Multi-Wavelength Observation: Astrosat’s design enables simultaneous monitoring across X-ray, optical, and UV wavelengths, providing a fuller picture of celestial events.
- Payload and Equipment: The satellite carries five advanced payloads, enhancing its observational scope.
- Orbit and Lifespan: Weighing 1515 kg, Astrosat was placed into a 650 km orbit inclined at 6 degrees to the equator. The mission is projected to last a minimum of five years.
Launch and Operations
Launch Details: Astrosat was launched aboard PSLV-C30 from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota. After launch, its two solar panels were automatically deployed, essential for its operations.
Mission Control:
- Management: The Mission Operations Complex (MOX) at ISRO’s Telemetry, Tracking, and Command Network (ISTRAC) in Bengaluru oversees the satellite’s functions.
- Data Processing: Data collected by Astrosat’s payloads are transmitted to MOX, then processed, archived, and distributed by the Indian Space Science Data Centre (ISSDC) in Bylalu, near Bengaluru.
Scientific Contributions
Astrosat’s multi-wavelength observation capabilities contribute significantly to astronomical research. By providing simultaneous data in X-ray, optical, and UV bands, it enhances our understanding of various celestial phenomena, including stars, galaxies, and black holes. This comprehensive data collection aids in advancing global knowledge of the universe.
Astrosat represents a significant achievement for Indian space science. Its ability to observe across multiple wavelengths from a single satellite provides valuable insights into celestial events, underscoring India’s growing capabilities in space exploration.
